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When using a third-party bundle, you might want to customize or override some ofits features. This document describes ways of overriding the most commonfeatures of a bundle.
Tip
The bundle overriding mechanism means that you cannot use physical paths torefer to bundle’s resources (e.g.
__DIR__/config/services.xml
). Alwaysuse logical paths in your bundles (e.g. @FooBundle/Resources/config/services.xml
)and call the locateResource() methodto turn them into physical paths when needed.Templates¶
Third-party bundle templates can be overridden in the
<your-project>/templates/bundles/<bundle-name>/
directory. The new templatesmust use the same name and path (relative to <bundle>/Resources/views/
) asthe original templates.For example, to override the
Resources/views/Registration/confirmed.html.twig
template from the FOSUserBundle, create this template:<your-project>/templates/bundles/FOSUserBundle/Registration/confirmed.html.twig
If you add a template in a new location, you may need to clear yourcache (
phpbin/consolecache:clear
), even if you are in debug mode.Instead of overriding an entire template, you may just want to override one ormore blocks. However, since you are overriding the template you want to extendfrom, you would end up in an infinite loop error. The solution is to use thespecial
!
prefix in the template name to tell Symfony that you want toextend from the original template, not from the overridden one:Tip
Symfony internals use some bundles too, so you can apply the same techniqueto override the core Symfony templates. For example, you cancustomize error pages overriding TwigBundletemplates.
Routing¶
Routing is never automatically imported in Symfony. If you want to includethe routes from any bundle, then they must be manually imported from somewherein your application (e.g.
config/routes.yaml
).The easiest way to “override” a bundle’s routing is to never import it atall. Instead of importing a third-party bundle’s routing, copythat routing file into your application, modify it, and import it instead.
Controllers¶
If the controller is a service, see the next section on how to override it.Otherwise, define a new route + controller with the same path associated to thecontroller you want to override (and make sure that the new route is loadedbefore the bundle one).
Services & Configuration¶
If you want to modify the services created by a bundle, you can useservice decoration.
If you want to do more advanced manipulations, like removing services created byother bundles, you must work with service definitionsinside a compiler pass.
Entities & Entity Mapping¶
Overriding entity mapping is only possible if a bundle provides a mappedsuperclass (such as the
User
entity in the FOSUserBundle). It’s possible tooverride attributes and associations in this way. Learn more about this featureand its limitations in the Doctrine documentation.Forms¶
Existing form types can be modified definingform type extensions.
Validation Metadata¶
Symfony loads all validation configuration files from every bundle andcombines them into one validation metadata tree. This means you are able toadd new constraints to a property, but you cannot override them.
To overcome this, the 3rd party bundle needs to have configuration forvalidation groups. For instance, the FOSUserBundlehas this configuration. To create your own validation, add the constraintsto a new validation group:
Now, update the FOSUserBundle configuration, so it uses your validation groupsinstead of the original ones.
Translations¶
Translations are not related to bundles, but to translation domains.For this reason, you can override any bundle translation file from the main
translations/
directory, as long as the new file uses the same domain.For example, to override the translations defined in the
Resources/translations/FOSUserBundle.es.yml
file of the FOSUserBundle,create a <your-project>/translations/FOSUserBundle.es.yml
file.bundle install
bundle-install
- Install the dependencies specified in your GemfileDescription
Install the gems specified in your Gemfile(5). If this is the firsttime you run bundle install (and a
Gemfile.lock
does not exist),Bundler will fetch all remote sources, resolve dependencies andinstall all needed gems.If a
Gemfile.lock
does exist, and you have not updated your Gemfile(5),Bundler will fetch all remote sources, but use the dependenciesspecified in the Gemfile.lock
instead of resolving dependencies.If a
Gemfile.lock
does exist, and you have updated your Gemfile(5),Bundler will use the dependencies in the Gemfile.lock
for all gemsthat you did not update, but will re-resolve the dependencies ofgems that you did update. You can find more information about thisupdate process below under CONSERVATIVE UPDATING.Options
To apply any of
--binstubs
, --deployment
, --path
, or --without
everytime bundle install
is run, use bundle config
(see bundle-config(1)).--binstubs[=<directory>]
Binstubs are scripts that wrap around executables. Bundler creates a small Rubyfile (a binstub) that loads Bundler, runs the command, and puts it in
bin/
.This lets you link the binstub inside of an application to the exact gemversion the application needs.Creates a directory (defaults to
~/bin
) and places any executables from thegem there. These executables run in Bundler's context. If used, you might addthis directory to your environment's PATH
variable. For instance, if therails
gem comes with a rails
executable, this flag will create abin/rails
executable that ensures that all referred dependencies will beresolved using the bundled gems.--clean
On finishing the installation Bundler is going to remove any gems not presentin the current Gemfile(5). Don't worry, gems currently in use will not beremoved.
--deployment
In deployment mode, Bundler will 'roll-out' the bundle forproduction or CI use. Please check carefully if you want to have this optionenabled in your development environment.
--redownload
Force download every gem, even if the required versions are already availablelocally.
--frozen
Do not allow the Gemfile.lock to be updated after this install. Exitsnon-zero if there are going to be changes to the Gemfile.lock.
--full-index
Bundler will not call Rubygems' API endpoint (default) but download and cachea (currently big) index file of all gems. Performance can be improved forlarge bundles that seldom change by enabling this option.
--gemfile=<gemfile>
The location of the Gemfile(5) which Bundler should use. This defaultsto a Gemfile(5) in the current working directory. In general, Bundlerwill assume that the location of the Gemfile(5) is also the project'sroot and will try to find
Gemfile.lock
and vendor/cache
relativeto this location.--jobs=[<number>]
, -j[<number>]
The maximum number of parallel download and install jobs. The defaultis
1
.--local
Do not attempt to connect to
rubygems.org
. Instead, Bundler will use thegems already present in Rubygems' cache or in vendor/cache
. Note that if aappropriate platform-specific gem exists on rubygems.org
it will not befound.Templates Bundle 3 2 1000
--no-cache
Do not update the cache in
vendor/cache
with the newly bundled gems. Thisdoes not remove any gems in the cache but keeps the newly bundled gems frombeing cached during the install.--no-prune
Don't remove stale gems from the cache when the installation finishes.
--path=<path>
The location to install the specified gems to. This defaults to Rubygems'setting. Bundler shares this location with Rubygems,
gem install ..
willhave gem installed there, too. Therefore, gems installed without a--path ..
setting will show up by calling gem list
. Accordingly, gemsinstalled to other locations will not get listed.--quiet
Do not print progress information to the standard output. Instead, Bundlerwill exit using a status code (
$?
).--retry=[<number>]
Retry failed network or git requests for number times.
--shebang=<ruby-executable>
Uses the specified ruby executable (usually
ruby
) to execute the scriptscreated with --binstubs
. In addition, if you use --binstubs
together with--shebang jruby
these executables will be changed to execute jruby
instead.![Templates Bundle 3 2 1 Templates Bundle 3 2 1](https://mir-s3-cdn-cf.behance.net/project_modules/max_1200/de563921289063.562feadb16bc1.jpg)
--standalone[=<list>]
Makes a bundle that can work without depending on Rubygems or Bundler atruntime. A space separated list of groups to install has to be specified.Bundler creates a directory named
bundle
and installs the bundle there. Italso generates a bundle/bundler/setup.rb
file to replace Bundler's own setupin the manner required. Using this option implicitly sets path
, which is a[remembered option][REMEMBERED OPTIONS].--system
Installs the gems specified in the bundle to the system's Rubygems location.This overrides any previous configuration of
--path
.--trust-policy=[<policy>]
Apply the Rubygems security policy policy, where policy is one of
HighSecurity
, MediumSecurity
, LowSecurity
, AlmostNoSecurity
, orNoSecurity
. For more details, please see the Rubygems signing documentationlinked below in SEE ALSO.--with=<list>
A space-separated list of groups referencing gems to install. If anoptional group is given it is installed. If a group is given that isin the remembered list of groups given to --without, it is removedfrom that list.
--without=<list>
A space-separated list of groups referencing gems to skip during installation.If a group is given that is in the remembered list of groups givento --with, it is removed from that list.
Deployment Mode
Bundler's defaults are optimized for development. To switch todefaults optimized for deployment and for CI, use the
--deployment
flag. Do not activate deployment mode on development machines, as itwill cause an error when the Gemfile(5) is modified.- A
Gemfile.lock
is required.To ensure that the same versions of the gems you developed withand tested with are also used in deployments, aGemfile.lock
is required.This is mainly to ensure that you remember to check yourGemfile.lock
into version control. - The
Gemfile.lock
must be up to dateIn development, you can modify your Gemfile(5) and re-runbundle install
to conservatively updateyourGemfile.lock
snapshot.In deployment, yourGemfile.lock
should be up-to-date withchanges made in your Gemfile(5). - Gems are installed to
vendor/bundle
not your default system locationIn development, it's convenient to share the gems used in yourapplication with other applications and other scripts that run onthe system.In deployment, isolation is a more important default. In addition,the user deploying the application may not have permission to installgems to the system, or the web server may not have permission toread them.As a result,bundle install --deployment
installs gems tothevendor/bundle
directory in the application. This may beoverridden using the--path
option.
Sudo Usage
By default, Bundler installs gems to the same location as
gem install
.In some cases, that location may not be writable by your Unix user. Inthat case, Bundler will stage everything in a temporary directory,then ask you for your
sudo
password in order to copy the gems intotheir system location.From your perspective, this is identical to installing the gemsdirectly into the system.
You should never use
sudo bundle install
. This is because severalother steps in bundle install
must be performed as the current user:- Updating your
Gemfile.lock
- Updating your
vendor/cache
, if necessary - Checking out private git repositories using your user's SSH keys
Of these three, the first two could theoretically be performed by
chown
ing the resulting files to $SUDO_USER
. The third, however,can only be performed by invoking the git
command asthe current user. Therefore, git gems are downloaded and installedinto ~/.bundle
rather than $GEM_HOME or $BUNDLE_PATH.As a result, you should run
bundle install
as the current user,and Bundler will ask for your password if it is needed to put thegems into their final location.Installing Groups
By default,
bundle install
will install all gems in all groupsin your Gemfile(5), except those declared for a different platform.However, you can explicitly tell Bundler to skip installingcertain groups with the
--without
option. This option takesa space-separated list of groups.While the
--without
option will skip installing the gems in thespecified groups, it will still download those gems and use them toresolve the dependencies of every gem in your Gemfile(5).This is so that installing a different set of groups on another machine (such as a production server) will not change thegems and versions that you have already developed and tested against.
Bundler offers a rock-solid guarantee that the third-partycode you are running in development and testing is also thethird-party code you are running in production. You can chooseto exclude some of that code in different environments, but youwill never be caught flat-footed by different versions ofthird-party code being used in different environments.
For a simple illustration, consider the following Gemfile(5):
In this case,
sinatra
depends on any version of Rack (>= 1.0
), whilerack-perftools-profiler
depends on 1.x (~> 1.0
).When you run
bundle install --without production
in development, welook at the dependencies of rack-perftools-profiler
as well. That way,you do not spend all your time developing against Rack 2.0, using newAPIs unavailable in Rack 1.x, only to have Bundler switch to Rack 1.2when the production
group is used.This should not cause any problems in practice, because we do notattempt to
install
the gems in the excluded groups, and only evaluateas part of the dependency resolution process.This also means that you cannot include different versions of the samegem in different groups, because doing so would result in differentsets of dependencies used in development and production. Because ofthe vagaries of the dependency resolution process, this usuallyaffects more than the gems you list in your Gemfile(5), and can(surprisingly) radically change the gems you are using.
The Gemfile.lock
When you run
bundle install
, Bundler will persist the full namesand versions of all gems that you used (including dependencies ofthe gems specified in the Gemfile(5)) into a file called Gemfile.lock
.Bundler uses this file in all subsequent calls to
bundle install
,which guarantees that you always use the same exact code, evenas your application moves across machines.Because of the way dependency resolution works, even aseemingly small change (for instance, an update to a point-releaseof a dependency of a gem in your Gemfile(5)) can result in radicallydifferent gems being needed to satisfy all dependencies.
As a result, you
SHOULD
check your Gemfile.lock
into versioncontrol, in both applications and gems. If you do not, every machine thatchecks out your repository (including your production server) will resolve alldependencies again, which will result in different versions ofthird-party code being used if any
of the gems in the Gemfile(5)or any of their dependencies have been updated.When Bundler first shipped, the
Gemfile.lock
was included in the .gitignore
file included with generated gems. Over time, however, it became clear thatthis practice forces the pain of broken dependencies onto new contributors,while leaving existing contributors potentially unaware of the problem. Sincebundle install
is usually the first step towards a contribution, the pain ofbroken dependencies would discourage new contributors from contributing. As aresult, we have revised our guidance for gem authors to now recommend checkingin the lock for gems.Conservative Updating
When you make a change to the Gemfile(5) and then run
bundle install
,Bundler will update only the gems that you modified.In other words, if a gem that you
did not modify
worked beforeyou called bundle install
, it will continue to use the exactsame versions of all dependencies as it used before the update.Let's take a look at an example. Here's your original Gemfile(5):
In this case, both
actionpack
and activemerchant
depend onactivesupport
. The actionpack
gem depends on activesupport 2.3.8
and rack ~> 1.1.0
, while the activemerchant
gem depends onactivesupport >= 2.3.2
, braintree >= 2.0.0
, and builder >= 2.0.0
.Talking Template Bundle
When the dependencies are first resolved, Bundler will select
activesupport 2.3.8
, which satisfies the requirements of bothgems in your Gemfile(5).Next, you modify your Gemfile(5) to:
The
actionpack 3.0.0.rc
gem has a number of new dependencies,and updates the activesupport
dependency to = 3.0.0.rc
andthe rack
dependency to ~> 1.2.1
.When you run
bundle install
, Bundler notices that you changedthe actionpack
gem, but not the activemerchant
gem. Itevaluates the gems currently being used to satisfy its requirements:activesupport 2.3.8
- also used to satisfy a dependency in
activemerchant
,which is not being updated rack ~> 1.1.0
- not currently being used to satisfy another dependency
Because you did not explicitly ask to update
activemerchant
,you would not expect it to suddenly stop working after updatingactionpack
. However, satisfying the new activesupport 3.0.0.rc
dependency of actionpack requires updating one of its dependencies.Even though
activemerchant
declares a very loose dependencythat theoretically matches activesupport 3.0.0.rc
, Bundler treatsgems in your Gemfile(5) that have not changed as an atomic unittogether with their dependencies. In this case, the activemerchant
dependency is treated as activemerchant 1.7.1 + activesupport 2.3.8
,so bundle install
will report that it cannot update actionpack
.Templates Bundle 3 2 1/2
To explicitly update
actionpack
, including its dependencieswhich other gems in the Gemfile(5) still depend on, runbundle update actionpack
(see bundle update(1)
).Summary
: In general, after making a change to the Gemfile(5) , youshould first try to run bundle install
, which will guarantee that noother gem in the Gemfile(5) is impacted by the change. If thatdoes not work, run bundle update(1).